pe2dave,
Yes, the sapwood is extremely susceptible to infestation by woodworm or in other parts of the world much bigger beasts! When at College (1977) studying Antique Furniture Restoration. We had a lecture from a Rentokil scientist on the subject, extremely interesting. I have before cut away (walnut) sapwood showing signs of flight holes but did not find the tracks on the heartwood. Incidentally that lecture gave the life cycle as approx. three years and in that time the grub travels around 10 inches before biting through the final piece between May and June (typically), then becoming a "fly" and starting the cycle all over again.