Perhaps some of you are not old enough to remember the smog that used to hang over London and most other major cities of the world, but we have got cleaner by the decade, unfortunately I don't think electric vehicles are the answer, because we can't support the infrastructure without Nuclear power, I admit I don't know the answer, but it certainly is not wind power, perhaps wave generation needs to be updated, can anyone tell me why the Greens have not jumped on the bandwagon about the wind turbines and the massive resources needed to service, maintain and build them.
Its not just the smog that we have eliminated. Most advances in technology have unexpected consequences that need to be finessed as they emerge. We are getting better at anticipating them as we have learned a lot about the chemistry of earth and climate science. A lot of product development over the past 50 years has been to improve environmental issues.
Its a mugs game prediction the future as things don't progress linearly, we adapt to issues as they emerge. Necessity is the mother of invention as they say.
In 1894 a huge horse manure crisis emerged as London's streets were covered in dung, urine and dead horses there being 50,000+ horses on the streets and the London Times predicted the streets would be 9 foot deep in dung by 1944.
The Great Horse Manure Crisis of 1894
In the 1970s lead pollution was a serious issue. Its now believed that lead poisoning contributed to a crime wave as mental heath suffered. The lead crime hypothesis.
It was argued by the petroleum industry that emiminateng lead would put up cost and they had a lot of capital assets tied up in ethyl lead production. However after an initial investment and cost jump the replacements soon fell in price.
Personally from everything I've seen we have the technology to replace fossil fuels. Solar Wind and Nuclear all work well and are cost effective. I'm not sure why you have your doubts on nuclear and wind, apart from the known hazards associated with nuclear of course. Modern nuclear seems a good solution, its actually a clean fuels compared to the alternatives when you do a full life cycle analysis from mineral extraction to Kwhrs delivered. Solar and wind, both have dirty begging's (ie manufacturing the assets) and dirty end of life - disposal, as does nuclear. Its the long running time in the middle that pays back well for these three technologies.
This graphic is from a work programme looking at making the next generation of wind turbines in a more sustainable way. That is reducing the carbon footprint of manufacture and end of life and going for a circular economy model with recycling and reclamation of the materials. Naturally consumers want this new technology at no extra cost.