Unlocking the public early also causes the virus to mutate. Which in turn can cause everyone that has had the original vaccine to be not effective to the new strain! Right back to square one only worse! Now every country is broke!
Although that is a possibility, its unlikely to be that extreme. A number of factors are on our side compared with 12 months ago.
- Most significantly we know that vaccines work on coronaviruses, this was an unknown 12 months ago, past attempts to develop vaccines for rhinoviruses and coronaviruses were not effective. This time, more modern design and modeling capability of the receptor sites, and the relative stability of Covid has let to vaccines that are really very effective. 12 months ago the UK government bet £13bn on vaccine development and procurement, not knowing that any of it would work. This time round we know that investment in vaccine R&D and production is a low risk investment, so money will flow, both private and public.
-Vaccine production is ramping up globally, very quickly, vaccines are hard to manufacture, a lot of advanced know-how is needed. As processes get perfected production will become enormous, so will the supply chain from factory gate to patients arm. (its partly relates to the risk factor mentioned in the past point), most companies are only just getting the manufacturing recipes right.
- Provided the manufacturing process for new variants of Covid closely follow the early vaccines, ( this will happen, but there is still a bit of process development needed) there will be less need (or no need) for the early stage clinical trials, as the product will be substantially unaltered, so clinical trials can skip to the later phases, vastly shortening the cycle. As with the flu type cycle, which means we can have a steady feed of new-variant vaccines at production scale. Flu has two sixth monthly cycles each year, its starts with a booster for the northern hemisphere then an update is prepared for the southern hemisphere to teat emerging strains and then updated again for the north. There is no reason why Covid boosters should not follow this pattern or even more frequent updates.
Technology is in development for enable biological medicines to be made on demand at the patients bedside, this is only a few years away from reality. If there was a need, this type of engineering could be fast tracked for rapid virus development , a few years away admittedly, but not a pipe dream.
- medical treatment has improved, we have learned what works, many drugs have become available that reduces the worst side effects of covid thanks to Martin Landray and his team in Oxford, and advanced monoclonal antibody treatments are becoming available for the ultra vulnerable - this will continue to improve
- we have learned how to reduce the spread of infection, lockdowns are extremely effective and will be available should things get out of hand, other measures such as wearing of masks etc are now a matter of habit.
A continuing problem is the virus will keep finding pools of unprotected people as it spreads around the globe, at the moment daily infections rates are down from the peak of 800,000 recorded in December to nearer 500,000 (but rising again). Until vaccines become universal this will be a worry. However data is emerging that some developing countries in Africa and South Asia that still rely on contagious disease control similar to what we had in the 1950 when we had isolation hospitals, TB hospitals, and even school sanitariums, where infectious diseases were confined and treated in separate hospitals. This infrastructure has been postulated as to why infection spread in some developing countries (with good data recording) has been low. ( ignoring countries that lie about the true state of infection such as N Korea, Tanzania, Russia etc). Some in the UK are suggesting we go back to this structure if Covid hangs on.
So whilst there is a lot to worry about, and complacency would be disastrous (as it was last year), there are genuine reasons for optimism and assuming a worst case scenario is unlikely. It does not mean we wont be fighting virus flare-up for years to come, but we should learn to live with it and get on with re-building our economies .