"Training Opportunity Schemes" (I think) TOPS courses were usually 6 month full time intensive course usually following City & Guilds prospectuses or similar. They were set up after WW1 to get returning troops back into work and evolved to cover a lot of trades and crafts.
They were highly developed by 1980 and were available for the unemployed. To get on I had to sign on for two weeks as I was in between jobs. You got a box of tools, a living allowance during the course and for a year afterwards (about £40 a week ISTR) plus a lot of business advice. I haven't run out of work or had to sign on since so it worked for me!
They worked for a lot of other people too, and were highly rated, in spite of the strict regime - clocking in and out, 8 to 5 everyday, semi uniform (as needed per trade) etc.
They were a really valuable and cost effective use of tax payers money, so Thatcher shut them down.
PS I forgot to add - there were almost no entry requirements, open to anybody, subject to a few basic checks. C&J test was to hammer a 4" nail into a block of wood and answer a few simple questions such as "what is this?" (holding up a saw). So there was an early drop out rate but on the other hand there were all sorts of people discovering abilities they never knew they had.