Frank,
I am no expert and you are very probably right - I am only parroting what I understood from the exhibition. I reproduce below what a book I got at the time says about it.
QUOTE
Arts and Crafts was one of the most far-reaching and influential international design movements of modern times It was the first major art movement to focus on the decorative arts, and the first to be directed at the reform of art at every level and across a broad social spectrum, from ordinary worker to aristocratic patron, simple country cottage to city mansion Based on new ideas about work, life and the home, and drawing on the pioneering spirits of reform and enterprise, the Arts and Crafts Movement spread across Britain, Europe, America and Japan, and sometimes even further afield, changing the way we think about design for the home and how we value the way things are made.
The movement, which first emerged in its fullest form in Britain in the I 880s, grew out of an increasing concern about the effects of industrial manufacture on standards of design, and the debilitating impact of industrialization on social conditions and traditional craftsmanship It challenged the traditional hierarchies in the arts, campaigning to raise the status of the craftsman and designer, and aiming to 'turn our artists into craftsmen and our craftsmen into artists' 1 Inspired by the pioneers and founders of the movement in Britain, including William Morris, Walter Crane and CR Ashbee, a set of idealistic principles for living and working were developed through the Arts and Crafts Movement These included the revival of traditional handicrafts and techniques, a return to a simpler way of life, and an improvement in daily existence through the design, manufacture and use of domestic items -or, in the words of one of the pioneers of the movement, finding 'beauty in everyday things' and encouraging the 'making [of] beautiful things for the homes of simple and gentle folk.
It flourished in Britain, America and Europe from the 1880s to c1916, and in Japan from 1926 to 1945. Across this wide geographic spread, the Arts and Crafts Movement was bound by a unity of ideas and a common purpose to establish a new democratic ethic for living and working in the modem world In each country specific social, political, regional and national needs influenced the type of work that was produced Although Arts and Crafts was primarily driven by the ideas and philosophies set out by its leaders, there was, nonetheless, an identifiable set of design characteristics that is associated with the movement and naturally emerged from the principles that underpinned it Reflecting a balance between technique and design and the principle of collaboration between designer and craftsman, who should work together 'hand in hand, and work head with hand.
UNQUOTE