You’ve asked about the retaining bolts holding the blades in. These should not be lock tighted in, they need to be tight, and will not undo themselves as they will be at 90 degrees to the arc of rotation and not subject to any torque that will cause them to come loose.
I would Never Ever use blades on a PT that I hadn’t had sharpened professionally or that were not brand new. The blades must be balanced, they need to be exactly the same weight or there is a danger they will cause such an out of balance that at best you wear out the bearings very quickly in the cutter block and at worst they come out to meet you!
There is school of thought that honing blades yourself / in the machine is good practice. Well, unless you know exactly what your doing it isn’t. I believe that the safest practice is to have three sets of blades. One in the machine, one ready to go into the machine and one set at the sharpeners. This for me applies to hobby as well as professional use. Most accidents occur because stuff isn’t sharp and undue pressure is then applied.