Dust extraction efficiency vs. throat plate layout??

UKworkshop.co.uk

Help Support UKworkshop.co.uk:

This site may earn a commission from merchant affiliate links, including eBay, Amazon, and others.

ondablade

Established Member
Joined
22 Aug 2009
Messages
852
Reaction score
1
Location
Ireland
Matt's thread about sealing up leaks around the cabinet of his saw started me thinking about this topic.

There's potentially a conflict in the issue - to avoid splintering and getting thin offcuts jammed down beside the blade you want a tight fitting throat plate (the classic being one from ply through which to blade has been carefully raised to give almost zero clearance), yet to collect dust effectively you need to create lots of air movement in the volume around the blade towards the collection point(s).

To kick off a discussion/thought experiment:

The first basic is maybe whether or not you are using a top guard delivering a decent volume of suck, as well as an under blade chute doing the same - if yes, then you could potentially run with a tight fitting throat plate and treat the two areas as effectively separate collection zones.

If not as is often the case (due e.g. to either a very small duct to the top guard, or a top guard that doesn't collect dust at all - the former as in the case of my now sold Robland) , then you have to get enough suck to act in the area above the throat plate as well as that below - and all from the connection to the lower dust chute.

The big issue with dust from a saw blade is that it seems that it's carried around in the tooth gullets until it's flung off at very high speed. i.e. short of impossibly enormous amounts of suction you need to introduce some sort of deflector or guard to stop it right around the circle of the blade so that the suction you have can mop up.

Given a decent top guard and bottom chute the chances are that the weak points are the four gaps - above and below the throat plate at the leading/cutting and trailing ends of the blade. The better top guards are getting bigger, drop closer to the table and seem to contain a baffle to prevent dust being thrown out especially the operator's end of the guard.

Some of the high end saws like Format 4 are using very large and deep guards with roller which seem to ride on the work. (i'm not sure how they function in practice)

Without an effective top guard then you presumably need holes, perforations or clearance in the throat plate to allow air to move past it down to the chute - maybe even maintaining the close clearances to the blade to stop tear out and jamming, but with correctly placed (?) perforations elsewhere.

It's not too clear how best (given the need to angle the blade) to handle set up of the lower chute, in that at least some clearance is presumably needed under the throat plate to let air flow into it.

A Euro style sliding table saw like a Hammer or a Felder is of course another ball game, in that the slider forms the throat plate to the LHS of the blade.

Some saws seem to be really badly designed in this regard, and fill up the inside of the cabinet with dust - areas where dust is not meant to go at all.

Is it just me, or does it seem like there's not that much work being done on solutions? Or are there well known fixes about?

Over to you guys....
 
I was thinking the exact same thing as I held my hand over my fairly "open" throat plate to feel the breeze from the extractor. I'm not planning to make a zero clearance throat plate for my saw as I've yet to experience noticeable breakout to warrant it.

If anything I'd be tempted to make an alternative blade hood with vents outside the line of fire of the dust exiting the blade. The point being that the vents would enable the air to be drawn down to the main extraction point inside the casing whilst not allowing the dust to be "fired" outside of the hood.

Maybe....
 
I'm pretty new to table saws and dust control but I'm sure most on here will have seen my TS200 thread where I've followed a lot of the usual advice on making the cabinet air tight.

Where I have gone my own way is to think about the sawdust like like a spray jet in that most of it projects straight downwards so my chute angle aims to deflect it towards the extract port.

When you are cutting something you don't have much airflow as the gaps around the throat plate are covered by the workpiece. My saw cabinet is so well sealed I can see the extract hose contract when I cut something!

I'm not convinced all this sealing is much benefit in terms of removing dust from the places in the cabinet where it can accumulate but it definitely reduces the amount of dust coming back up from the back of the blade. If I get round to extracting from the crown guard then I'd say the escaping dust would be pretty low.
 
This is an interesting thread.

Sawdust is collected by the gullets o the teeth, right? SO it gets scooped round an gets flung off at a tangent at just about every point around the circumference. Over half the blade is below the surface, so in theory, over half the sawdust should drop into the cabinet. My cabinet, and most I've seen, has a very poor arrangement for collecting this, as the port is miles away from the sawdust. In fact, if we follow MikeG's logic of airflow, it's a wonder any get sucked away at all. I have to empty mine regularly by hand.
My overhead guard does have a DX port, but I didn't get the position perfect, so whilst it does make quite a difference, it could be even better.

My feeling is that, in an ideal world, there would be a HPLV vac port under the table immediately in front of the blade, and a similar one in the centre of the crown guard.
S
 
Can't see me trying it now but just wondering if compressed air blowing across the blade teeth somewhere under the table would result in no dust being left in the gullets to come back up?
 
Good idea, Robert, I can see that working. A hopper to the right and the dust just gets blown off into it.

The biggest challenge there, I think, would be to arrange the jet so that it was always in the right place, The position of the front of the blade changes as it rises and falls, at least on mine.

S
 
Sounds like a nifty possibility to me too Robert. It makes great sense to grab the dust before it's flung out into the air. Imagine if all that messing with guards and big ducts could be eliminated by much smaller kit.

Nozzles can take a lot of compressor to run and be noisy, but might well be OK if small enough - it'd only have to run while you were actually cutting - maybe triggered by a small button projecting just above the table and operating a valve under it. :)

Something like the turbine from a HVLP spray gun might provide more air, but at less pressure.

Another option using the same principle might be to attach a branch from the dust hose to chute under the blade at right angles to the blade surface - with the centre of the opening at the teeth (so that its half covered by the blade) and finishing very close to it. The other side of the chute would need to be further from the blade to allow air flow.

One question is whether or not the dust system could in fact generate enough suck to capture the dust from the blade, but maybe some sort of venturi at the inlet would up the air speed enough to do it. A vacuum might be better.

It mightn't be too expensive to buy a spare dust chute as a basis for experimentation.

I never thought of the effect of the workpiece on air flow through whatever holes you might have in the throat plate. Unless something like the above worked more or less 100% it seems likely that that makes it more or less essential to have a good top guard - otherwise the up rising teeth coming up through the cut at the back will simply spew a flow of dust into the air...
 
Just some random thoughts on under table extraction ...

The theory of air flow stands up well, if you have a sealed box with a 4" out pipe and a 4" in pipe then there should be nothing left in the box.

So if you did manage to seal up the lower cabinet totaly and had a pipe the same size as your extraction port aimed at the back of the blade you would have the same pressure air hitting the blade as you would exiting the cabinet, this should cause a hell of a lot of turbulence inside the cabinet and should help get the dust out.

This has probably got far to many "holes" in it as a theory but what do you all think

Allan
 
Allan
I'm afraid your logic doesn't quite stand up, sorry! It only works if the sawdust is kept airborne. If the entry and exit ports are too far apart, then the rate of flow between them is much lower than inside the pipework, so the heavier-than-air sawdust just drops out. That's the fundamental problem. We have to get it out into the pipework before it has chance to settle or get ejected back into the workshop air.
S
 
You may well be right with that Steve, I was thinking of it working more like a cyclone but with the intake from the top hitting the blade and disrupting the dust all round the cabinet so that it drops down to the outlet at the bottom of the cabinet, but with a little less circular movement.

Allan
 
Saw stop has made their latest saw able to catch 99% of dust. Theres a couple of videos online. Basically how it works is the hose still connects to the back of the overhead guard but its then channelled down to the front of the guard where it meets the table. The flow of air from the saw spinning properly the dust down this chute. It is also hinges from the front so it always keeps contact and has 2 side plates that slip down and up independently of each other to insure that when making a dusting cut the effect is still there, watch these:

http://blip.tv/play/gcozgaObLgI%2Em4v

This one they have taken off the hose and you can see with out any DC attached the Laminar air flow is pushing the dust out of the port by its self:

http://blip.tv/play/gcozgaObLQI%2Em4v

When I get some free time to play I'm going to have a go at doing something similar.
 
A high pressure air jet across the blade gullets sounds interesting but wouldn't it be noisy? IIRC that's the way a siren works.

I have an old Kity 617. A lot of the dust stays inside the saw, some drops out the bottom but a significant amount is carried round by the blade and shot at the user, especially with a rip blade. Look forward to seeing what you find makes an improvement.

Graham
 

Latest posts

Back
Top