You can joint stuff (i.e. make it true and straight* for glueing) with anything from a No.5 plane upwards. You do need to set the plane up nicely and make sure the iron is sharp, but that's all good practice.
I like doing it, to the extent I prefer it when I can.
I have used a router table as a planer ("jointer"), and it does work, but it's not a nice process - noisy and prone to tearout, etc.
There is a lot of help on here with setting up Bailey-type planes, and lots on the internet (incl. YouTube). Sharpening likewise. It won't take long to get the hang of it.
One word of caution: cheap softwood, such as from builders merchants or the DIY sheds, is very hard to use, because the grain goes all over the place, it isn't dried properly and hasn't stopped moving around, and there are usually nasty knots and resin inclusions. You will be disappointed with the results you can get using it, compared to better materials. For example, I have one moulding plane, that gets used mainly for beading. It works well, but not with cheap softwood. When I first tried to use it, I though it was me, but it wasn't.
E.
*"straight" isn't actually straight if you're making things like big tabletops - you want the joint faces to be very, very slightly concave along their longest axis: when you cramp up they'll glue nicely, but the ends are less likely to spring apart as the wood settles down. Jacob, of this parish, will explain better than I can.