Bob, that site must have very big thumbs!
The formula for converting single-phase HP to current is:
HP x 746
-----------------------------------------
Volts x Efficiency x Power Factor
The common power factor used for rotating motors is 0.8 and efficiency is 0.95. Plugging those numbers into the formula for a 3HP single-phase motor at 230V gives a current of 12.8A. There is a similar formula for three-phase loads.
I have no idea where the Engineering Toolbox is deriving its rule of thumb, unless it is considering the locked rotor current at startup. I have digital meters connected to the distribution panel in my shop, and my observations with single and three-phase motors are consistent with the formula.
The formula for converting single-phase HP to current is:
HP x 746
-----------------------------------------
Volts x Efficiency x Power Factor
The common power factor used for rotating motors is 0.8 and efficiency is 0.95. Plugging those numbers into the formula for a 3HP single-phase motor at 230V gives a current of 12.8A. There is a similar formula for three-phase loads.
I have no idea where the Engineering Toolbox is deriving its rule of thumb, unless it is considering the locked rotor current at startup. I have digital meters connected to the distribution panel in my shop, and my observations with single and three-phase motors are consistent with the formula.